Lymphadenopathy means enlarged lymph nodes; not every neck swelling is a node. Salivary, thyroid and cystic lesions also need distinction.
Examination assesses location, number, mobility and infection signs. An adult lump unexplained by infection for 2 weeks or of uncertain duration needs early investigation. Ultrasound helps in some cases but may not suffice for a concerning mass; contrast imaging and fine-needle sampling may be chosen. Results should lead to a clear follow-up interval and instructions for returning sooner.
Assessment considers the lump's location, duration and growth. Ultrasound, needle sampling or contrast CT/MRI are selected according to risk; not every lump needs the same operation. Suspected cancer requires multidisciplinary assessment.
In adults, promptly assess a neck lump unexplained by infection that persists for two weeks or has an uncertain duration. Breathing difficulty, rapid growth or swallowing difficulty needs more urgent assessment.
This information does not replace an individual consultation. Diagnosis and treatment depend on a medical assessment.
Consultation and treatment